Entry test business

Which part is done by which group member?  Same type of article was published in Urdu section during this semester

Referred back. check ur mail for details. fotos also needed

 It lacks profile of this sector

The work was carried under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi 

Investigative report by 

Rahmat Ali Roll# 86

 Abdul Salam Soomro Roll#  05

 Zafarullah Soomro Roll# 43

انٽري ٽيسٽ تياري

پاڪستان اندر تقريبن سمورين يونيورسٽين ۾ بيچلرس توڙي ماسٽرس جي داخلا لاءِ شاگردن کان انٽري ٽيسٽ ورتي وڃي ٿي جيڪا کين لازمي پاس ڪرڻي پوي ٿي. ملڪ ۾ ٽوٽل پبلڪ توڙي پرائيويٽ يونيورسٽين جو انگ 132 آهي، جن مان 73 پبلڪ ۽ 59 پرائيويٽ يونيورسٽيون آهن. سنڌ ۾ پرائيويٽ يونيورسٽين جو تعداد 24 آهي جيڪو ٻين صوبن جي ڀيٽ ۾ وڌيڪ آهي ۽ پبلڪ  15 يونيورسٽين سان ٽئين نمبر تي آهي.

جيئن ته يونيورسٽين ۾ داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ ڏيڻ لازم آهي، ان سلسلي ۾ هر شاگرد چاهيندو آهي ته هو اها ٽيسٽ پاس ڪري ته

 جيئن کينس سٺي شعبي ۾ داخلا ملي. انڪري هر شاگرد وسان ڪونه گهٽائيندو آهي. 

شروع شروع ۾ يونيورسٽن ۾ داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ نه ورتي هوندي هئي ۽ انٽرميڊيئيٽ جي مارڪن آڌار ميرٽ  جي بنياد تي داخلا ڪئي ويندي هئي پر وقت گذرڻ سان گڏوگڏ انٽري ٽيسٽ جو نطام متعارف ڪرايو ويو،۽ ايئن هر سال انٽري ٽيسٽ ورتي وڃي ٿي. جيڪڏهن ان تي غور ڪجي تـ اهيو قدم ڪجھ قدر صحيح بـ آهي تـ غلط پڻ.هڪ ڳالھ تـ ان ۾ شاگرد جي ذهانت سان گڏوگڏ عام معلومات جي بـ خبر پوي ٿي. پر جڏهن ٻئي پاسي کان ڏِسجي تـ جڏهن شاگرد ٻارنهن درجا پاس ڪري اچي ٿو تـ ظاهر آهي تـ انکي معلومات ۽ ذهانت پڻ هوندي تڏهن ئي تـ ايترا درجا پڙهي اچي ٿو. سو انٽري ٽيسٽ بجاءِ انٽرويو ورتو وڃي تـ بهتر آهي. انٽري ٽيسٽ جي چڪر ۾ڪيترن ئي شاگردن کي مالي خساري سان گڏوگڏ ٻيون ڪيتريون ئي ڏکيائيون درپيش اينديون رهن ٿيون. ڇو ته شاگردن جي اڪثريت هيٺئين طبقي سان واسطو رکندڙ آهي، کين ايترو پئسو نه آهي ته هو ڪنهن سٺي سينٽر تي انٽري لاءِ تياري ڪري وٺن. ڪي اهڙا به شاگرد آهن جيڪي گهر ايٺي سخت محنت ڪري ٽيسٽ پاس ڪري وٺن ٿا. پر وري تعليمي بورڊ جي بد عنوانين ۽ ڪرپشن سبب مئٽرڪ ۽ انٽرميڊيئٽ جي امتحانن ۾ گھٽ مارڪن جي يونيورسٽي ۾ داخلا لاءِ رهجيو وڃي.

جيڪڏنهن دنيا جي ٻين ملڪن ۾ يونيورسٽين تي نظر وجهبي تـ اتي به يونيورسٽين ۾ داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ ورتي ويندي آهي پر انهن ۾ يونيورسٽين جي اڪثريت انٽرميڊيئيٽ جي بنياد تي انٽري ٽيسٽ کانسواءِ داخلائون ڏئي ٿي.ان جو مثال جهڙوڪ؛ انڊيا جي رياست مهاراشٽرا آهي. جنهن ۾ يونيورسٽي جي داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ ورتي نـ ويندي آهي. اهڙي طرح روس ۾ يونيفائيڊ ريپبلڪ يونيورسٽي ۾ به ٽيسٽ نه ورتي ويندي آهي ايئن ڪيترن ملڪن ۾ داخلا جو عليحده طريقيڪار آهي.

هتي اسان وٽ پاڪستان ۾ بـ ڪجھ يونيورسٽين ۾ انٽري ٽيسٽ ناهي ورتي ويندي.جيئن قائد اعظم يونيورسٽي اسلام آباد ۾ ڪيترن ئي شعبن ۾ جهڙوڪ؛ نيچرل سائنس فيڪلٽي ۾ داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ نه ورتي ويندي آهي. ان سان گڏوگڏ ٻين ڪيترن ئي ملڪن اندر انٽري ٽيسٽ نظام کي ختم ڪيو ويو آهي، جنهنجي بدولت ٻاهرين ملڪن جا وڏي تعداد ۾ پڙهڻ اچن ٿا.

  پر خاص ڪري سنڌ جي سڀني يونيورسٽين ۾ داخلا لاءِ انٽري ٽيسٽ لازمي قرار ڏنل آهي. انڪري اندرون سنڌ جا ڪيترائي شاگرد اعلٰي تعليم پرائڻ کان رهجيو وڃن ٿا. پنجاب ۾ تازو ئي 08 سيپٽمبر 2015 تي ايم پي اَي نبيل حاڪم علي ۽ ٻين طرفان پنجاب اسيمبلي ۾ انٽري ٽيسٽ جو نظام ختم ڪرڻ لاءِ قرارداد جمع ڪرايو ويو آهي، جنهن ۾ چيو ويو آهي ته داخلا  ميڊيڪل اِدارن ۾ ميرٽ جي بنياد تي انٽري ٽيسٽ کانسواءِداخلا ڏني وڃي.عام طرح ڏٺو وڃي ته اهو هڪ سٺو قدم آهي جنهن سان هر شاگرد آساني سان داخلا وٺي سگهندو. ان جو فائدو اهو ٿيندو جو غريب شاگردن کي انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياريءَ لاءِ سينٽرن جون ڳريون فيسون ادا نه ڪرڻ ۽ شهر ۾ رهائش سان گڏوگڏ ٻين خرچن کان بچي پوندا.

هر هڪ يونيورسٽي ۾ هر ضلعي لاءِ شهري توڙي ٻهراڙي جي شاگردن لاءِ سيٽون مخصوص ٿيل هونديون آهن.

انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪرائيندڙ سينٽرن تي ڪرپشن:

ٻارهين پاس ڪرڻ کانپوءِ ھر شاگرد جلد ئي ڪنھن نه ڪنھن شھر وڃي ڪنھن سٺي سينٽر تي ماھر استادن جي نگراني ۾ داخلا وٺي تعليم حاصل ڪندا آھن، اھي استاد صرف انهن سينٽرن تي ئي نه پڙهائيندا آهن پر سرڪاري ڪاليجن ليڪچرر، پروفيسر جا ھوندا آھن، جيڪي ڪاليج کانپوءِ انهن سينٽرن جو رخُ ڪندا آهن ۽ جتي ھو صرف ۽ صرف 40 کان 50 منٽ جا 2 ڪلاس وٺندا آھن انھن ٻن ڪلاس جا سينٽر انتظاميا کان ھر مينھني دل گھريا پيسا وٺندا آھن خاص ڪري انٽري ٽيسٽ جي ڪلاسن جي وقت استاد سينٽر انتظاميا سان پيڪيج جي حساب سان 40 يا 50 سيڪڙو وٺندا آھن ۽ سڌو چوندا آھن ته جيڪڏھن توھان ايترا سيڪڙو في ٻار تي نه ڏيندا ته مان توھان جي سينٽر تي نه پڙھائيندس ۽ ڪجھ خاص شاگرد ھتي صرف منھجي لاءِ ايندا آھن انھن کي به پاڻ سان گڏ ويندس. پوءِ آخر ڪار سينٽر انتظاميا مجبور ٿي کين ھر ڳالھ ۾ ھا ۾ ھا ملائيندا آھن، ڇاڪاڻ جو سينٽر تي انھن استادن جي ڪري ئي تمام گھڻا شاگرد ايندا آھن جيڪڏھن اھي جڳ مشھور استاد ان سينٽر تي نه ھوندا ته شاگردن جي تعداد به گھٽ ھوندو آھي جتي اھي استاد پڙھائيندا آھن شاگرد استادن کي ڳولي ان سينٽر تي پڙھڻ لاءِ وڃي پھچندا آھن. يونيورسٽن مان بيچلر ،ماسٽر ۽ ايم فل ڪري جيڪي نوجوان بي روزگار ويٺا ھوندا آھن اُھي پنھنجي شھر جي بھترين ۽ مشھور استادن سان ملندا آھن جيڪي سرڪاري ڪاليج يا وري ڪنھن مشھور پرائيوٽ ڪاليج ۾ پڙھيندا آھن ۽ انھن سان گڏ ٿي  ڪري يارھين ٻارھين جي  ڪوچنگ ڪلاس  ۽ انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪرائڻ جا سينٽر کوليندا آھن، شاگرد اڪثر ڪري انھن سينٽرن تي ويندا آھن جتي پڙھائڻ وارو اسٽاف سٺو ھجي ۽ ان علائقي جا مشھور استاد اُتي  پڙھائيندا ھجن. 

پاڪستان جي ٻين وڏن شھرن لاھور،ڪراچي، حيدرآباد جي ڳالھ ته پري رھي جيڪڏھن اسان لاڙڪاڻي ضلعي تي نظر وجهنداسين اتي  بي يارھين، ٻارھين درجي ۽ انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري وارا سينٽر اٽڪل 10 ٿي ويندا پر انھن مان 5 اھڙا سينٽر آهن جن جي وچ ۾ مقابلو رھندو آھي جتي شاگرن جي اڪثريت ھوندي آھي انھن ۾ ٽيلينٽ ،يونيڪ، ميپس، سَم ۽ اولڊ سنڌ سائنس ڪاليج سينٽر مشھور آھن، جتي شاگردن کي انٽري ٽيسٽ کان اڳ عام ڪلاسن جي ڪوچنگ ڏني ويندي آھي انھن مينھن ۾ ھر ماه 1500 روپيا فيس ورتي ويندي آھي، ۽ جون جولاءِ آگسٽ ۾ انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪرائي ويندي آھي، جتي ٽن مهينن جو پيڪيج ٻاويھ کان پنجويهن هزارن تائين آهي. انھن سينٽرن تي صرف لاڙڪاڻي جا شآگرد نه پڙھندا آھن پر ڀرپاسي جي ضلعن قمبر شھدادڪوٽ، جيڪب آباد جا شاگرد لاڙڪاڻي ۾ اچي مٽن مائٽن وٽ رھي ڪري سينٽرن تي تعليم حاصل ڪندا آھن انھن پري کان آيل شاگردن سان ھمدردي ڪرڻ ته ٺھيو مٿس کيس ماحول کان اڻ ڄاڻ سمجهي ڪري ايڊميشن فارم ۽ ايڊميشن جا پيسا وڌائي وٺندا آھن، انھن انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪرائڻ وارن سڀني سينٽرن تي ھر سال اٽڪل450 کان 500 شاگرد انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪندا آھن جن ۾ يارھين جماعت جا شاگرد به ھوندا آھن ڇاڪاڻ جو لڳاتار 2 سال انٽري جي تياري سان  کين سٺو سکڻ کان ملندو آھي. انٽري ٽيسٽ جا سينٽر اڄ ڪلھ صرف ڪمائي جو ذريعو بڻجي ويا آھن. اسان جي شھرن ۾ ڪجھ اھڙا به استاد آھن جيڪي سڄو ڏينھن ٻارن کي پڙھائڻ ۾ گذاريندا آھن.

 مٿي ذڪر ڪيل اهڙن استادن مان سائين رام چند ھڪ آھي. سائين پاڻ ڊگري ڪاليج (بوائز) لاڙڪاڻي ۾  ڪيمسٽري جو ليڪچرار آھي ھو صبح جو ڊگري ڪاليج ٽائيم ٽيبل جي حساب سان پنھنجا ڪلاس وٺڻ کانپوءِ 3 وڳي کان 5 وڳي تائين سم سينٽر تي ڪيمسٽري پڙھائڻ لاءِ ويندو آھي ۽ ان کانپوءِ سائين چپ ڪري نه ويهندو آھي پر ڪاليج ۽ سينٽر تي پڙھائڻ کانپوءِ به سائين شام جي پھر ۾ پنھنجي گھر ۾ پنھنجي ڪجھ شاگردن کي سِيپريٽ ٽيوشن پڙھائيندو آھي ۽  شاگردن کي ڌار ڌار ڪيمسٽري  سبجيڪٽ جا پڙھائڻ جا 8000 ھزار وٺندو آھي، سائين جن ڪاليج کان وڌيڪ ٽائيم سينٽر ۽ خاص ڪري گھر ۾ ايندڙ سِيپريٽ ٽُيوشن پڙھڻ وارن ٻارن کي ڏيندا آھن، ڇاڪاڻ  ته جيترو پيسو ڪاليج جي پگھار مان ملندو آھي ان کان 2 ڀيرا وڌيڪ ھو سينٽر ۽ سيِپريٽ مان ڪمائي ويندو آھي ۽ ڪاليج ۾ صحيح ٽائيم ڏئي يا نه پوءِ به سندس جي پگھار ته کري آھي.

اھڙو ئي ھڪ ٻيو به زنده مثال آھي جيڪو بلڪل سائين رام چند جيان آھي اھو ميڊيڪل جي شاگردن کي پڙھائيندو آھي سائين پاڻ لاڙڪاڻي ڊگري ڪاليج  زوولاجي جو ليڪچرار آھي. سائين به ڪاليج ۾ ڪلاس وٺڻ کانپوءِ يونيڪ سينٽر تي ميڊيڪل جي شاگردن کي زولاجي پڙھائيندو آھي سينٽر کانپوءِ سائين پنھنجي ساٿي استادن جي رسم کي زنده رکندي ٻين استادن وانگر سيپريٽ ٽويشن پڙھائيندو آھي، سائين نه رڳو انٽر جي شاگردن کي سيپريٽ پڙھائيندو آھي پر ھو يارھين درجي جي شاگردن کي به انھي وقت پڙھائيندو آھي. ڪجھ استاد صاحب ته اھڙا به آھن جيڪي صبح جي وقت  پنھنجي ڪاليج ۾ ڪلاس وٺڻ بعد ڳوليا نه ملندا آھن ۽ ملندا به ڪيئن ڇو جو ھو ھڪ يا ڪڏھن ڪڏھن ٻه ڪلاس وٺڻ کانپوءِ شھر جي ٻين ڪاليجن ۾ ھفتي تي 2 کان 3 ڏينھن ڪلاس وٺندا آھن انھن ٽن ڏينھن جا ان ڪاليج جي انتظاميا کان 10000 ته پڪا وصول ڪندا آھن. اڪثر ڪري انھن استادن وٽ سيپريٽ ٽيوشن ۽ سينٽرن تي اميرن جا ٻار ويندا آھن ڇاڪاڻ جو انھن سينٽرن جي فيس غريب جي پھچ کان سئو ميل ڏور تي ھوندي آھي. ۽ استاد ڪاليج ۾ اھڙو نه ٿا پڙھائين جهڙو سينٽر تي پڙھائن ٿا، تنھن ڪري غريب ٻار کي اڳتي نڪرڻ ۾ وڏيون ڏکيايون پيش اچن ٿيون.

سينٽرن تي موجود ڪجھ سٺيون ڳالهيون؛

انٽري ٽيسٽ جا سينٽر جتي ڪجھ غريبن جي لاءِ ھڪ وڏو مسئلو آھن اتي ٻئي طرف استادن ۽ سينٽر اسٽاف لاءِ ھڪ سٺو ڪمائي جو ذريعو پڻ آھي .شھر اندڙ سينٽر ھجڻ سان ڪجھ سھولتون به آھن ، پھريان صرف ڇوڪرا ڳوٺن ۽ ننڍن شھر کان نڪري ڪري ٻين شھرن ۾ انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري ڪندا ھئا. پر پنھنجي شھر ۾ سينٽر قائم ٿيڻ سان ڇوڪرين کي به اڳتي نڪرڻ جو موقعو ملي ويو آھي، ان سان گڏوگڏ سينٽر ۽ سيپريٽ ٽيوشن جي ڪري تمام گھڻو فائدو پري کان ايندڙ ٻاھرن کي ملي ٿو ڇاڪاڻ جو صبح جو سوير ھو ڪاليج ٽائيم تي نه پھچي سگھندا آھن ته پوءِ شام جي پھر م سينٽرن تي وڃي ڪري پنھنجو ڪورس مڪمل ڪندا آھن، سينٽر ۽ سيپريٽ ٽيوشن خاص ڪري انھن شاگردن لاءِ فائديمند ھوندي آھي جيڪي اڪثر ڪري ليڪچر ھڪ دفعي ۾ نه سمجي سگھندا آُھن  پر جيڪڏھن اسان سينٽر استادن وٽ سيپريٽ پڙُھندڙن تي غور ڪيون ته اسان کي اڪثريت انھن شاگردن جي ملندي جيڪي پرائيوٽ ڪاليج جا ھوندا اھن  ڇاڪاڻ جو انھن شاگردن وٽ انھن ڪاليجن ۾ اھڙا تجريبڪار استاد نه ملندا آھن پوءِ ھو سينٽر تي انھن استادن جي نگراني ۾ اچي پڙھندا آھن.

تعليمي بورڊن جي ذميواري 

  هر ايندڙ سال هزارين شاگرد انٽرميڊئيٽ جو امتحان پاس ڪرڻ کانپوءِ ڪنهن نه ڪنهن اعليٰ تعليمي اداري يعٰني يونيورسٽين ڏانهن رخ ڪن ٿا پر الميو اهو آهي جو تعليمي بورڊن ۾ ڪرپٽ ۽ سفارشي عملو موجود هئڻ ڪري ميرٽ جي لتاڙ ڪئي پئي وڃي جو هوشيار ۽ اهل شاگردن کي سٺن گريڊن ۽ مارڪن ملڻ بجاءِ جيڪي شاگرد مڪمل پڙهائي کان ڪٽيل رهن ٿا اهي سفارش ۽ پئسن عيوض سٺن گريڊن سان  نوازيا وڃن ٿا ۽ اسان جي يونيورسٽين جي سليڪشن جو نظام به ڪجھ اهڙو رکيل آهي جو جيڪي شآگرد انٽرميڊيئيٽ ۾ سٺيون مارڪون کڻي اچن ٿا، انهن جي سليڪٽ ٿيڻ جا موقعا وڌيڪ هوندا آهن، نتيجي ۾ اهل شاگرد نه جي برابر ۽ باقي پئسن ۽ سفارش تي مارڪون وٺي پاس ٿيل شاگرد يونيورسٽين تائين پهچن ٿا ۽ يونيورسٽين ۾ داخل ٿيڻ بعد به سندن ساڳيو حال آهي جنهنڪري اڏن ادارن ۾ رهندي به ڪجھ خاص پرائي نه ٿا سگهن يقينن ان سان سنڌ جي شعور کي ڪاپاري ڌڪ لڳي ٿو. 

تعليمي ادارن، بورڊن ۽ عملي تي صحيح نموني نطرثاني نه هئڻ ڪري ڪرپٽ ماڻهن ڪنهن سبزي منڊيءَ ۾ هلندڙ واڪ جيان مارڪون ۽ گريڊ وڪڻڻ لاءِ پڻ واڪ ٺاهي رکيا آهن، انٽرميڊئيٽ ۾ “اي ون” گريڊ  لاءِ 50 کان 70 هزار ۽ مئٽرڪ ۾ “اي ون” گريڊ لاءِ 25 کان 30 هزار وٺي گريڊ ڏنا وڃن ٿا. مثال؛ 

1 مهراڻ يونيورسٽي ڄامشورو ۾ داخلا جا خواهشمند شاگرد هزارين روپيا خرچ ڪري مارڪون وٺندا آهن ته جيئن سندن

 سليڪشن جو وڌيڪ موقعو ملي.

2 چانڊڪا ميڊيڪل ڪاليج لاڙڪاڻو هاڻي جنهن جي سيٽ لکين روپين ۾ پئي وڃي اتي داخله جي خواهش رکندڙ شاگرد پڻ پنجاھ پنجاھ هزار کان وڌيڪ پئسا ڀري گريڊ وٺي ٽيسٽ ڏيندا آهن.

هاڻي غريب شاگرد جيڪو محنت ڪري پڙهي ۽ امتحانن جي تياري ڪري ۽ اهل هجڻ باوجود به سندس مارڪون ڪريل رهن ٿيون ڇاڪاڻ ته ان وٽ ڪا خاص سفارش به نه آهي ۽ معاشي طور به سگهارو ڪين آهي انڪري سٺيون مارڪون کڻن صرف سفارشي ۽ پئسي وارن ماڻهن جي ورثي ۾ آهن. مجموعي طور تي ڏٺو وڃي ته نائين کان ٻارهين ڪلاس تائين هاءِ اسڪولن ۽ ڪاليجن ۾ ورتا ويندڙ امتحانن ۾ عام جام ڪاپي هلندي رهندي آهي ۽ شاگرد ڪاپي ڪري مارڪون کڻندا آهن جيڪا ڳالھ بورڊ اختيارين کان ڳجهي نه آهي پر تنهن هوندي به مڙئي پنهنجي ذميواري (فارملٽي) پوري ڪرڻ لاءِ امتحانن دوران بورڊ ٽيمون ٺاهي مختلف امتحاني سينٽرن ڏانهن روانيون ڪيون وينديون آهن پر ڪاپي هلندي رهندي آهي ڪو به کڙ تيل ڪونه نڪرندو آهي.

هر سال ساڳيو ئي سلسلو هلندو پيو اچي، “ساڳيا لاٽون ساڳيا چگھ”  وارو جهان لڳو پيو هوندو آهي هڪڙا ڪاپي ڪري اڳتي هلندا پيا وڃن وري ٻيا!! پر بهتريءَ طرف ڪو به قدم کڻڻ لاءِ تيار نه آهي ڇاڪاڻ ته انهيءَ سلسلي جي روان دوان هجڻ سان مٿي ويٺل ڪارين رڍن جا پيٽ پيا ڀرجن. ظاهر ڳالھ آهي ته جيڪڏهن مارڪون صاف شفاف نموني ميرٽ جي آڌار ڏنيون وڃن ته ڪير به پئسا کڻي مارڪن لاءِ منٿون ڪونه ڪندو انڪري انهيءَ ڪاروهنوار جي هلڻ سان کين ڪو الڪو ته ڪين آهي پر دلي طور خوش ويٺل آهن.

   

جيڪڏهن اسان پنجاب جي تعليمي نظام تي نظر وجهنداسين ته اهو سنڌ جي تعليمي نظام کان تمام گهڻو اڳتي آهي جنهن جو مکيه سبب اهو آهي جو اتي جو شاگرد ڪاپي ڪري اڳتي نه وڌندو آهي ۽ تعليمي بورڊن ۾ پڻ ميرٽ جي بنياد تي مارڪون ڏنيو وينديون آهن، ان جو فائدو اهو ٿئي ٿو جو جيڪو شاگرد هوشيار ۽ وڌيڪ محنتي آهي ان کي وڌيڪ ترجيع ڏني وڃي ٿي جنهڪري هر شاگرد ۾ محنت ڪرڻ جو جذبو پيدا ٿئي ٿو، اهو ئي مکيه سبب آهي جو اتي جا شاگرد  اسانجي شاگردن کان وڌيڪ هوشيار ۽ محنتي آهن.

تعليمي کاتي کي گهرجي ته تعليمي بورڊن جي عملي ڏانهن مناسب توجھ ڏنو وڃي ته جيئن  نائين کان ٻارهين ڪلاس تائين ورتا ويندڙ امتحانن مان ڪاپي ڪلچر کي ختم ڪري سٺو تعليمي نظام متعارف ڪرايو وڃي ۽ ان سان گڏوگڏ استاد صاحبان جي قرتوتن ڏانهن پڻ هڪ نظر ڦيرائي کانئن سختي سان ڊيوٽي ورتي وڃي ته جيئن ڪو به استاد ويزا تي ويٺل نه رهي، ان سان اهو فائدو ٿيندو ته جيڪڏهن اسان جي اسڪولن ۽ ڪاليجن ۾ بهتر پڙهائي جو نظام هوندو ته شاگرد سينٽرن جي ڳرين فيسن ڀرڻ کان بچيل رهندا ۽ جيڪي استاد اسڪولن ۽ ڪاليجن ۾پڙهائڻ بجاءِ ڪمائيءَ جو ذريعو بڻيل سينٽرن جي صورت ۾ کليل دڪان پڻ بند ٿي ويندا ۽ اهي ئي استاد پوءِ سرڪاري ادارن ۾ پڙهائڻ تي مجبور ٿي پوندا ۽ جڏهن استاد سٺي نموني سرڪاري ادارن ۾ ئي پڙهائيندا ته اعلٰي تعليمي ادارن ۾ پڙهڻ جي خواهش رکندڙ شاگردن جي انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري پڻ ٿي ويندي ۽ ان انٽري ٽيسٽ جي تياري جي لاءِ تمام گهڻين تڪليفن کان پڻ بچي سگهبو.

تعليم کاتي کي گهرجي ته سرڪاري ڪاليجن جي ليڪچررن، پروفيسرن ۽ اسڪولي استادن کي پرائيويٽ  ٽيوشن سينٽرز کولڻ تي پابندي مڙهي سرڪاري ادارن ۾ سندن صلاحيتون اجاگر ڪرڻ تي زور ڏنو وڃي ڇاڪاڻ ته اهي سڀئي سرڪاري ملازم آهن ۽ عوام جي ٽيڪسن مان کين هر مهيني پگهار ڏنو وڃي ٿو. ان جو مثال اسان صحت کاتي جي ڊاڪٽرز مان وٺي سگهون ٿا جيئن پي پي ايڇ آءِ جي پليٽ فارم تان ڀرتي ٿيل ڊاڪٽرس کي پرائيويٽ ڪلينڪ کولڻ جي اجازت نه هوندي آهي، ان جو سبب اهو آهي جو جيڪڏهن ساڳيا ئي ڊاڪٽر ٻن يعٰني سرڪاري ۽ پرائيويٽ  جڳهن تي ڪم ڪندا ته پنهنجي پرائويٽ ڪلينڪ کي وڌيڪ ترجيع ڏئي سرڪاري اسپتالن ۾ مريضن جي صحيح چڪاس نه ڪري کين پنهنجي نجي (پرائيويٽ) ڪلينڪن تي رِفر ڪندا. تعليم کاتي کي پڻ اهڙا قدم کڻڻ گهرجن ته جيئن استاد سرڪاري ادارن ۾ صحيح نموني پڙهائن ۽ ان مان ئي وڌيڪ پڙهائي جي خواهش رکندڙ شاگردن جي مختلف يونيورسٽين ۾ داخلا لاءِ ٿيندڙ انٽري ٽيسٽن جي تياري پڻ ٿي وڃي. 

Suggested Outline: 

Topic: Entry test preparation Group members: Rahmat  Ali, 2) Abdul S alam, 3) Zafarullah 

Sub topic: 1, entrance in universities in Punjab and others.2. comparison. 3. good things. 4. corruption. characters.6, responsibility of ( board, students, teachers) .6. conclusion. 
first two points by Rahmatullah, other 3 to 4 by Zafar and 5 to 6 by Ab Salam.   

INTERVIEW: Shahid Qayoom By Rehmat

Interview 

Do every work with passion and keen interest: Shahid Qayoom

By Rehmat Ali

Shahid Qayoom Memon from Kandiaro was born November 11, 1981. He got primary and middle education from his native village, did intermediate from Qasimabad College. In 1999 he sought admission in Federal College of Arts & Design (FCAD), now called as Center of excellence in Arts & Design (CEAD). After studying there eighteen months, he decided to go National College of Arts (NCA) Lahore, where obtained a degree of Communication Design in 2005. Afterwards he rendered his services one year in set designing at AAG channel Karachi. In 2007 he was appointed a lecturer in the institute of Arts & Design, Sindh University Jamshoro, and after the half of year appointed as a lecturer in CEAD, where became the head of the Department of Communication Design in 2010. To date he is serving there as an art teacher and head of Department.

What initially captured your imagination about Art?

The Art and its all forms like Communication Design etc. for me are intriguing. Making things beautiful that build up wonder and eye soothing scenes with the diversity of colors is pretty exciting. The art is loaded with history and communicate to universal audience. Making art piece to me very accessible, when it demonstrates considerable thought and consideration even if intuitive, art’s tactile nature is captivating.

Tell us bit about Communication Design?

It is visual communication, which involves in many mediums speeches, logos, painting, graphic designing etc. Communication Design conveys messages and seeks to create desires, inspire, attract and motivate to the people to respond to the particular message. Which can be either to build brand, move sales or for humanitarian purposes, strategic business, creativity and problem solving. They also directed to the heterogeneous public to persuade and to give them awareness transmitted the through effective mediums like Social media, television and printed forms.

.As Communication Design promotes the things; can it not be used as negative in society?

Definitely it plays positive as well as negative role in society, captures the attention of audiences towards the art piece, it is art to promote whatever you want, but in most of advertisements for the sake of product’s sell they used it , due to this reason negative or other things can be promoted.   you can advertise the any product through its endless mediums.

. Despite it, on what aspects of art you work?

I love to work in all fields of art. Work consists on the sculpture, miniature, and painting and art teaching. During study I worked in sculpture, set designing in the Shoaib Mansoor’s song Supreme ishaq. I had made the monument and logo of Mass Communication, Sindh university jamshoro.on international level I work in the logos on the internet. And I used to spend lot of time on the art teaching because it my passion.

.Being an art teacher, do you see any difference in formal teaching as compare to art?

In formal teaching, once you delivered a lecture to fifty students at a time, but in art teaching, we have to give the time to every one student according to their approach and talent, it doesn’t requires cramming but needs creativity and how to explore the things. It is very tough job to do.

. What is the importance of an art in society?

Art is the main tool to show the culture and its importance of any nation. Art pays its major role in the development of society, it is as a trigger to hidden talent, and it gives awareness about the social phenomenon. Through the art we all of came to know the hundreds of thousand years old civilizations. The paintings, Sculpture and architecture of MOEN JO DARO indicate the how it was civilized nation.

.In Pakistan why there is less number of artists?

Its main reason is the financial crises, and there were no any kind of institutes and schools in past, where student would have learnt. Now some institutions have been opened, from there many artists come but they face many problems such as, they have not finance to buy equipments to create art piece, and the major thing they are also restricted to create any creativity in society, hence some of them hardly continue their work and many of them prefers to do other jobs.

What advice would you give to aspiring artists?

 My message is for all fields of students that whatever works you do, do it with passion and keen interest, you will surely be successful. One thing remembers that the seat of topper is always vacant, there is need of occupant, so do work hard to occupy it. 

Practical work carried under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

Ishaq Tunio a PROFILE: Rahmat Ali Revised

2k13/MC/86

PROFILE

 Lover of Sindh, a former journalist Writer and the marvelous poet Ishaq Tunio

By Rahmat Ali

There are people when you meet them, they change your perception about life, such people with their hard work and talent have rendered  great services to society, such people are driving force behind the development of society in which they live. In Sindh, there are many such people who despite living seven oceans far but still possess great love for their people and Sindh, such as Dr. Sarang Ansari, lives in New York, his work and poetry areobvious examples of great love for Sindh and Sindhis. On the other hand AzizNarejo a leading US-based Sindhi rights activist and president of Sindhi Association of North America (SANA). Amongst them Ishaq Tunio is one, lives in USA but he continuously work for rights of Sindh as well as Sindhis living in USA. , striving hard for the development and betterment by serving through his multidimensional talent.

 Ishaq Tunio was born nine years after the independence of Pakistan. In that era, he has learned a lot in childhood about the conditions of country and as well Sindh. That period and its effects had changed his thoughts and also the personality. It is the patriotic love for Sindh, he wrote many marvelous poetry, amongst them the popular songs “HIN JANAM ME, HUN JANAM ME, MAN JITAY B HUJA SINDH TUHNJO THEYAN” sung by the Music’s Queen Abida Parveen. “JHALI AA MITHI SINDH JHOLI, BACHAYO HE DHARTI MITHI BOLI sung by Ahmed Mughal” are the best creation of Ishaq.

Ishaq Tunio a former journalist, writer and poet has represented The Sindh Case at different forums, working as an IT Consultant in USA, where he continuously involved in the advocacy for human rights and the rights of indigenous Sindhis. He has been associated with many Sindhis’ associations like SANA etc. and also established an organization for Sindhis living in the America, named as “Friends of River Indus”.

He opened his eyes (born) in the District Kamber’s small hamlet Thorhi Bijar in the home of small landlord on March, 1, 1956. He received primary education from his native village, Secondary education from the neighboring town Ber Sharif. Later, he decided to get higher education on the University level. Afterwards, Ishaq obtained the degree of B.A (Hons) English from Sindh University, and Masters’ degree in Economics from the Karachi University.

In 1989 he passed the CSS exam, he started career from the Sindhi journalism in 1998 by joining Awami Awaz Sath, then joined The Sindh Express (English) as Sub-Editor. As a journalist he rendered his services at different platforms, He remained regular columnist of Hilal Pakistan newspaper in 1980, and after the eight years joined Awami Awaz Sath as a Sub Editor volunteer), and In-charge of Weekly page (weekly magazine Editor).He interviewed the Late Saeen G.M Syed in 1991, which was transmitted many years later through the radio, voice of Sindh, London. Contributed to several Sindhi, English and Urdu magazines, newspapers and online blogs, and associated with English-Language newspaper The Nationas a staff reporter, senior correspondent and in-charge in Sindh in 1992, and that time he also worked in Daily Pukaar,Sindhi Newspaper. And from 1995 to 1997 he was an Editor of The Indus News Network (online first South Asian daily enewspaper from Chicago).

Being a vocal activist and the member of US-based Pakistani forums and the Sindhi association in North America and Europe, he was offered a ticket in 2007 by the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), but later, because of a stronghold of feudal networking, Party denied him a smaller status. Afterwards he took himself far from it.

Now he contributes his time to the literarily and culturally activities as well in the Social organizations. Ishaq has earned his name in the fields of journalism, Social work and poetry through his endless hard work and talent. He is believed as good journalist, writer, poet and also the human rights’ activist. He always stats that “although I live in the USA but my heart and Soul is in the Sindh, whatever happens in the Sindh I keep myself aware about its all issues. When I come to the Sindh, my heart always says no to return USA”.

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PROFILE

A former journalist Writer and the marvelous poet Ishaq Tunio

By Rahmat Ali

There are people when you meet them, they change your perception about life, such people with their hard work and talent have rendered  great services to society, such people are driving force behind the development of society in which they live.In Sindh, there are many renowned multidimensional personalities, who have done excellent work in society’s development through the Poetry, Literature, Journalism, and Social activism etc. Contribution of Ishaq is different fro people u have named,  for comparison find some other people. Such as Late Anwar Pirzada, Siaf Banvi (Mohammed Rahim) are very famous, amongst them Ishaq Tunio is one, striving hard for the development through his talent.

Sindh has produced such people who despite living seven oceans far but still possess great love for their people, although Ishaq Tunio lives in USA but he continuously work for rights of Sindh as well as Sindhis living in USA. He was born when Sindh was totally ( do not use absolute terms and words) chained in the conspiracy of One-Unit. In that era, he has learned a lot in childhood about the Sindh that what is happening to Sindh and her people. That period and its effect changed his thoughts and also the personality.It is the patriotic love for Sindh, he wrote many marvelous poetry, amongst them the popular songs “HIN JANAM ME, HUN JANAM ME, MAN JITAY B HUJA SINDH TUHNJO THEYAN” sung by the Music’s Queen AbidaParveen. “JHALI AA MITHI SINDH JHOLI, BACHAYO HE DHARTI MITHI BOLI sung by Ahmed Mughal” are the best creation of Ishaq.

Ishaq Tunio a former journalist, writer and poet now lives in United States of America (USA) Chicago, from the many past years ( repitition). He is working as an IT Consultant there, where he continuously involved in the advocacy for human rights and the rights of indigenous Sindhis. He has been associated with many Sindhis’ associations, and also established an organization for Sindhis living in the America, named as “Friends of River Indus”.

He born in the District Kamber’s small hamlet Thorhi Bijar in the home of small landlord on March, 1, 1956. He received primary education from his native village, Secondary education from the neighboring town Ber Sharif. Later, he decided to get higher education on the University level. Afterwards, Ishaq obtained the degree of B.A (hons) English from Sindh University, and Masters’ degree in Economics from the Karachi University.

In 1989 he passed the examination of CSS, and joined the English journalism (first he joined Sindhi journalism, then switched to Eng). He remained regular columnist of Hilal Pakistan newspaper in 1988, and associated with English-Language newspapers ( which? name the papers?  as a staff reporter, senior correspondent and in-charge in Sindh from 1989-92. As a journalist, he interviewed the Late SaeenG.m Syed in 1991, by the radio, voice of Sindh, London (when Syed was alive this radio was not there). He worked some Sindhi, Urdu and regional English Newspapers, Magazines, and online blogs. Being a vocal activist and the member of US-based Pakistani forums and the Sindhi association in North America and Europe, he was offered a ticket by the Pakistan People’s Party (PPP), but later, because of a stronghold of feudal networking, Party denied him a smaller status when? . Afterwards he took himself far from it. He contributes his time to the literarily and culturally activities as well in the Social organizations.

 Ishaq has earned his name in the fields of journalism, Social work and poetry through his endless hard work and talent.He is believed as good journalist, writer, poet and also the human rights’ activist. He always stats that“although I live in the USA but my heart and Soul is in the Sindh, whatever happens in the Sindh I keep myself aware about its all issues. When I come to the Sindh,my heart always says no to return USA”.

The Hamal lake By Rehmat Ali Tunio

FEATURE: “The lake Hamal”     | By Rehmat Ali Tunio|

The lake Hamal is number two in Sindh after the great Manchhar Lake. Beautiful Hamal Lake is situated in the arid zone of Sindh called as Kachho (derived from Sindhi word Kachh, means lap of Khirthar mountain range). The Khirthar is fascinating world having natural elegance the Gorakh Hill station, Khirthar mountain range, Kuttay ji Qabar, Murre Jo Daro and the shallow water natural lakes in which Keenjhar, Drigh, Langh, Hamal and Manchar lakes.

Lake’s water depth is eleven to twelve feet, which flow to the Manchar Lake through M.N.V drain, with the length and width of 10 kilo meters. This lake consists of the four small lakes namely as Badram, kachheri, karowar and the Sarroh lake. Interestingly the mounds of the Soriyah Sapot ,Badram and Pinri are also in this lake. Many people around the Sindh as well as Pakistan often choose this site to visit and especially for hunting.

In the west at a distance of about thirteen kilometers, there is a Mazarani Dhoro which is hundreds of years old.  There is a village named as Hamal, with the lineage of that Mazarani Dhoro was named as Hamal lake.

The lake Hamal has been substantially supporting economic activities. It provided livelihood for a large number of fishermen and farmers. People of that area said that “we cultivate the lands in hope of Lake, and our only source of livelihood is on it otherwise we can’t sustain”

Local people sustain their lives by caching fishes and hunting birds. The lake could have also contributed a lot in boosting up tourism, if its beauty was properly maintained. However different factors contributed to destroy the natural beauty and usefulness of the lake.

The human activities have changed significantly the original regime of lake. Political leaders and efficacious feudal have restricted the fishing for common man by occupying the lake’s land.

They also have built the dips into the lake’s main drain R.B.O.D which is the main source of fresh and sweet water, the effluents of Shadadkot and Mirokhan drains fall directly into the Hamal through the R.B.O.D drain. Due to dips the fresh water is stopped, lake is drying. This has endangered the local people whose survival is only on this and as well as water and animal livings.

Lake was originally free from contamination and pollution, but due to mismanagement of water resources in surrounding region and release of poisonous water of the drains into Hamal, the lake has over the years become polluted.

Local people have no alternative except to use water of lake both for drinking as well as domestic purposes; in past it support the hundreds of local fishermen who would use its water to look for fishes to sustain their livelihood, but all that has changed now.

SS- For third issue edited by Uroosa

Rehmatullah Tunio Roll# 2k13|MC|86

This practical work was carried out under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

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Un edited 
 foto will be required

Roll# 2k13|MC|86

FEATURE: The  Hamal lake     | By Rehmat Ali Tunio|

The great nursery of fresh water fishes and the resident and habitat of thousand kinds of  birds including migratory birds like Ducks, geese, ibises, gulls, terns, coots, flamingos, shorebirds, cormorants and egrets etc. head to the lake Hamal every year from the Siberia, Russia and other European countries. 

Sindh is the worldwide famous for her natural beauty, history, culture etc. regarding natural elegance the Gorakh Hill station, Khirthar mountain range, Kuttay ji Qabar, Murre Jo Daro and the shallow water natural lakes in which Keenjhar, Drigh, Langh, Hamal and Manchar lakes.

 The lake Hamal is at the number two in Sindh after the Asia as well as Sindh’s largest Manchar Lake. Beautiful Hamal Lake is situated at the arid zone of Sindh called as KACHHO (derived from Sindhi word KACHH means lap of Khirthar mountain range). The word khirthar is fascinating word having a meaning of cream of the milk. This area is mainly consisting upon khirthar mountain range which starts from western side of Kamber and reaches at sea shores of Sindh by crossing through district Dadu.

Lake’s water gauge is eleven to twelve feet, from which water go the Manchar Lake through M.N.V drain. With the length and width of 10 kilo meters and the area of approximately six thousand this lake is consists of the four small lakes namely as Badram, kachheri, karowar and the Sarroh lake. And interesting that the mounds ( darha )of the soriyah sapot ,Badram and pinri are also in this lake. Many people around the Sindh as well as Pakistan often choose this site to visit and especially for hunting.

In the west of taluka Warah at a distance of about thirteen kilometers, there is a Mazarani Dhoro which is hundreds of years old, on the west side there is a village named as Hamal, with the lineage of that Mazarani dhoro was named as Hamal lake.

The lake Hamal has been substantially supporting various economic activities. It provided a livelihood for a large number of fishermen and farmers. People of that area said that “we cultivate the lands in hope of Lake, and our only source of livelihood is on it otherwise we can’t sustain”

 Local people sustain their lives by caching fishes and hunting birds. The lake could have also contributed a lot in boosting up tourism, if its beautifulness was properly maintained. However due to various reasons the primitive beauty and usefulness of the lake has been changed.

The human activities have changed significantly the original regime of lake. Political leaders and efficacious feudal have restricted the fishing by occupying the lake’s land.

They also have built the dips into the lake’s main drain R.B.O.D which is the main source of fresh and sweet water, the effluents of Shadadkot and Mirokhan drains fall directly into the Hamal through the R.B.O.D drain. Due to dips the fresh water is stopped, lake is drying which is very harmful to the local people whose survival is only on this and as well as water and animal livings.

On the occasion Mir Nadir Ali Magsi said on Media that I have talked with the chief minister and irrigation minster to take serious steps to save the lake. Many people have commented that this is our only source of survival, so the effluent of fresh water must be free by removing the illegal dips in the R.B.O.D drain.

Lake was originally free from contamination and pollution, but due to mismanagement of water resources in surrounding region and release of poisonous water of the drains into Hamal, the lake has over the years become polluted.

 Local people have no alternative except to use water of lake both for drinking as well as domestic purposes, in past it support the hundreds of local fishermen who would use its water to look for fishes to sustain their livelihood, but all that has changed now.

Second Semester August 2015 
This practical work was carried out under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi